Josua de Grave, the son of the French merchant Claude Pietersz de Grave (c. 1597/98- after 1667) and Sara Bols (?-c. 1655), grew up in Haarlem and here joined the guild in 1659 at age sixteen. It is unknown with whom he was trained. From 1663 to 1668 he stayed in Paris and then settled in the garrison city of Maastricht where he met the brothers and draughtsmen Barend (?-?) and Valentijn Klotz (c. 1646-1721), who affiliated with the Dutch army. Until 1670, they resided in Maastricht, producing around sixty drawings of the city and its surroundings. In the decades that followed, the three artists accompanied the army of the Dutch States-General under Willem III (1650-1702) on its various campaigns, including those to Bergen op Zoom (1671-early 1672), cities around the Dutch ‘waterlinie’ (1672) and various regions in the southern Netherlands (1674, 1675 and 1676). Most of them typically show the encampments with tents, soldiers, tilt cars and horses, with little regard to the topographical setting. This signed and dated sheet is of a different and rarer type, showing a view on a town near the encampment. This impeccably preserved example was made during a campaign to Walloon Brabant and Hainaut and the artist dated it to the day exactly: 3 September 1675. Many of De Grave’s drawings bore such precise dates but they were quite often later erased, covered with wash or cut off for aesthetical reasons.
The Walloon city of Binche is located in the Belgian province of Hainaut. Its wall, prominently visible in the present view, dates from the thirteenth century and is still largely intact today. Another distant view on Binche drawn one day earlier is in the Print room of the Rijksmuseum.1 A few days earlier, on 31 August, the town had been captured by the Dutch army. 2
After each military campaign, De Grave returned to The Hague, where he had settled permanently after his marriage in 1670 to Jenneton de Bisson (1645-?). De Grave also made paintings and drawings of Italianate gardens and imaginary landscapes, mainly later in his career, but his fame rests primarily on his topographical drawings.
Notes 1 Inv. no. RP-T-1913-24. 2 J.F. Heijbroek, Met Huygens op reis: Tekeningen en dagboeknotities van Constantijn Huygens jr. (1628- 1697), secretaris van stadhouder-koning Willem III, exh. cat. Amsterdam (Rijksmuseum) 1982, pp. 123- 24.
